Evaluation of Calocybe indica strains for lignocellulolytic enzymes and mushroom yield potential

Abstract

Calocybe indica, a milky mushroom is a tropical mushroom of Indian origin that grows well at 28-35°C. Its strains were evaluated for their mycelial growth, extracellular enzymes producing capability and yield potential. For mycelium growth, seven strains of Calocybe indica were grown on Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB), Complete Yeast Extract (CYM), Mushroom Minimal Media (MMM) and their broth at 30±2°C. The maximum biomass was recorded in CYM broth in Ci-06 (16.1g/l) and Ci-07 (15.5 g/l). The linear growth on wheat straw after 10 days was observed maximum in Ci-07 (63mm) and Ci-09 strain (66mm). In wheat straw, the maximum biological efficiency of the harvested yield (kg/q dry straw) was observed in the strain Ci-06 (57.3%). Two strains Ci-07 (48.5%) and Ci-09 (45.7%) were found to give yield at par with each other. Maximum number of fruiting bodies were recorded in the strain Ci-06 (1552 No./q dry straw). In culture filtrate, endoglucanase enzyme activity ranged between 1.91-4.42 U/mg, endoxylanase activity ranged between 2.73-4.76 U/mg and laccase activity ranged between 6.94-10.2 U/mg. During spawn run, endoglucanase and endoxylanase enzyme activity ranged between 0.58-1.03 U/mg and 0.74 -2.11 U/mg, laccase activity ranged between 1.51-4.54 U/mg. During pinhead, endoglucanase and endoxylanase activity ranged between 0.61-1.59 U/mg and 1.57-2.96 U/mg, respectively whereas laccase activity ranged between 6.53-10.6 U/mg. In fruiting bodies, endoglucanase and endoxylanase activity of the strains ranged between 0.94-1.88 U/mg and 0.93-2.36 U/mg, laccase activity ranged between 5.43-9.21 U/mg. A positive correlation of yield with biomass and endoglucanase has been observed in C. indica strains Ci-03, Ci-06, Ci-07 and Ci-09.